The cervix is part of a woman's reproductive structure. It is the lower, narrow part of the uterus. The uterus is a hollow, pear-shaped organ in the lower abdomen. The cervix connects the uterus to the vagina. The vagina leads to the exterior of the body. The cervical canal is a tube. Blood flows from the uterus through the canal into the vagina during a woman's menstrual period. Cervical Cancer begins in cells, the building blocks that make up tissues. Tissues make up the organs of the body. Different stages of cervical cancer should be marked to diagnose it properly. Early symptoms of cervical cancer can be an alarm of this type of cancer.
Risk factors of cervical cancer • Human papillomaviruses (HPVs)
• Lack of regular Pap tests
• Weakened immune Age
• Sexual history
• Smoking cigarettes
• Using birth control pills for a long time
• Having many children
Symptoms of cervical Cancer • Vaginal bleeding
• contact bleeding or (rarely) a vaginal mass may indicate the presence of malignancy.
• In advanced disease, metastases may be present in the abdomen, lungs or elsewhere.
Treatment Of cervical Cancer Microinvasive cancer is usually treated by hysterectomy (elimination of the whole uterus with part of the vagina). If a cone biopsy was not able to create clear margins, there is one possible alternative left for those with early stage of cervical cancer who would like to preserve their fertility while treating their cervical cancer: a trachelectomy. For those in stage I cervical cancer, which has not extended, this is a feasible treatment choice. It allows for the protection of the ovaries and uterus while surgically eradicating the cervical cancer. This treatment choice is not yet well known amongst doctors and is not yet measured a standard of care. In addition, few doctors are skilled in this fertility sparing surgical option. Even the most skilled surgeon won't be able to assure that this can be performed beforehand, as the level of the spread of cervical cancer is unknown until surgical microscopic examination is finished. As a result, there is always the risk for the need to alter to a hysterectomy if the surgeon is not able to microscopically verify clear margins of cervical tissue once the patient is under general anesthesia in the operating room.
